Many Europe’s Choice and Chance in Western Civilization 1st Edition Test Bank
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Chapter 4
The Roman Republic: Survival and Success
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. What is the central question of Polybius’s forty-book
history?
2. How did a single city subdue an entire world?
3. How did the people of Italy come to believe it
was their destiny to conquer Carthage?
4. How could the Greeks persuade the Romans to
adopt Greek civilization?
5. Why did the Romans abandon their republican
institutions in favor of an empire?
Answer: a
Page: 104
2. Politically, the Roman Republic was guided by
3. tribunes.
4. the patriarchy.
5. the Senate.
6. a monarchy.
Answer: c
Page: 104
3. To elevate their past, imperial Romans joined
their history to that of the
4. Persians.
5. Egyptians.
6. Etruscans.
7. Greeks.
Answer: d
Page: 105
4. Herodotus, along with recent but contested DNA
studies, suggest that the Etruscans came to Italy from
5. Greece.
6. Lydia.
7. Carthage.
8. Troy.
Answer: b
Page: 105
5. Which of the following statements about the
Etruscan language is true?
6. We possess no samples of Etruscan script in
written form.
7. Despite samples of Etruscan script, its
precise meaning has never been deciphered.
8. Etruscan script looks nothing like any other
known script.
9. Etruscan script will never be deciphered
because there are no bilingual texts to aid in the translation.
Answer: b
Page: 105
6.
Etruscan cities
established trading and diplomatic contacts with the great Mediterranean
powers, particularly with the
7.
Romans and Carthaginians.
8.
Phoenicians and
Egyptians.
9.
Greeks and
Carthaginians.
10.
Greeks and Iberians.
Answer: c
Page: 107
7. The Latins first migrated to central Italy
around
8. 2000 BCE.
9. 1000 BCE.
10. 100 BCE.
11. 1000 CE.
Answer: b
Page: 107
8.
The last three of
Rome’s legendary kings were
9.
Latins.
10.
Greeks.
11.
Samnites.
12.
Etruscans.
Answer: d
Page: 108
9.
Among the Etruscan
contributions to Rome’s political and religious formation was the introduction
of the practice of
10.
augury.
11.
philosophy.
12.
democratic rule.
13.
hoplite warfare.
Answer: a
Page: 108
10. How did the city-state of Rome succeed where
the Etruscan and Greek cities failed?
11. Rome managed to create and preserve a
democratic form of government.
12. Rome developed a strong commercial base in the
eastern Mediterranean.
13. Rome became a city that dominated and
incorporated surrounding lands and peoples.
14. Rome left an enduring cultural legacy.
Answer: c
Page: 109
11. The divine forces that Iron-Age Romans
believed dominated their world were called
12. the Capitoline gods.
13. numina.
14. fasces.
15. haruspicy.
Answer: b
Page: 109
12. Why did Polybius think that the Roman Republic
had a perfectly balanced form of mixed government?
13. There was no written constitution and the
Republic’s rules and practices were constantly evolving.
14. The state fixed the calendar and sanctioned
the institutionalization of archaic religious practices.
15. Romans had developed a fully formed government
designed to prevent the return of kingship.
16. The consuls represented the monarchic
principle, the Senate the oligarchic or aristocratic, and the assembly of the
people the democratic.
Answer: d
Page: 109
13. Why did Romans divide power in their
government between the two guardians of the Republic, each of whom could veto
the actions of the other?
14. to introduce a system of checks to limit the
power of a single ruler
15. to limit the consul’s term to a single year
16. to choose magistrates to guide the state
17. to ensure that the Roman lower classes would
play no role in Roman affairs
Answer: a
Page: 110
14. Which of the following played a critical role
in the change in Roman military strategy after 400 BCE?
15. the rise of the Curiate and Centuriate
assemblies
16. the emergence of the phalanx as the chief body
of warriors used in battle
17. the diminishing role of the Roman lower
classes in the infantry and in Roman affairs
18. the expansion of the military power of
horsemen (masters of cavalry) in the Roman military
Answer: b
Page: 110
15. Among the factors leading to the sheer
complexity of Roman politics was the
16. lack of political representation for Roman
warriors.
17. frequent interference of the Greeks and
Etruscans in Roman affairs.
18. rapid expansion of the Roman military.
19. unfixed character of Rome’s unwritten
constitution.
Answer: d
Page: 110
16. The Roman Senate was composed mostly of
17. patricians.
18. plebeians.
19. equestrians.
20. soldiers.
Answer: a
Page: 110
17. During this time, Rome would best be described
as a(n)
18. democracy.
19. oligarchy.
20. theocracy.
21. aristocracy.
Answer: b
Page: 110
18. What were the two chief citizen orders into
which Roman society was divided?
19. oligarchs and plutocrats
20. tribunes and consuls
21. patricians and plebeians
22. Etruscans and Latins
Answer: c
Page: 110
19. Among the ways aristocrats sought to maintain
their pre-eminence within the Roman state was by
20. encouraging the expansion of slavery.
21. reminding everyone of their superior Etruscan
origins.
22. reducing the complexity of the Roman
constitution.
23. keeping plebeians in debt.
Answer: d
Page: 111
20. The main operating unit of the Roman world was
the
21. Senate.
22. extended family.
23. polis.
24. phalanx.
Answer: b
Page: 111
21. The ________ was the head of the large family
unit in Rome.
22. materfamilias
23. patrician
24. augur
25. paterfamilias
Answer: d
Page: 112
22. One of the most influential ordering forces
throughout most of Roman history was the institution of
23. clientage.
24. plebeians.
25. pontiffs.
26. consuls.
Answer: a
Page: 112
23. In 390–387 BCE, Rome was threatened by an
invasion of northern Italy by the
24. Etruscans.
25. Carthaginians.
26. Gauls.
27. Egyptians.
Answer: c
Page: 114
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